A wsn application contains hundreds to thousands of sensor nodes. Research article maximizing lifetime of wireless sensor. Mobile wireless sensor networks mwsns have emerged and shifted the focus from the typical static wireless sensor networks to networks with mobile sensor nodes that are capable to sense the various types of events. Optimal number of clusters in wireless sensor networks with mobile sink c. Wsn is a wireless network that consists of base stations and numbers of nodes wireless sensors. Efficient routing to mobile sinks in wireless sensor networks. To solve this problem, we propose a mobile sink ms based distributed fault diagnosis algorithm for wsns. Wireless sensor networks wsns can be defined as a selfconfigured and infrastructureless wireless networks to monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, motion or pollutants and to cooperatively pass their data through the network to a main location or sink where the data can be observed and analysed. This comprehensive text shows the effectiveness of using mobile sinks in obtaining potential energy savings for the sensors in wireless sensor networks. Whenever the mobile sink deviates from its scheduled movement trajectory, the mobile sink node broadcasts a notification packet ntf to its one hop neighbors. Over the last decade a large number of routing protocols has been designed for achieving energy efficiency in data collecting wireless sensor networks. This book is based on a series of conferences on wireless communications, networking and applications that have been held on december 2728, 2014 in shenzhen, china. Application of mobile sink in wireless sensor networks ieee xplore. Introduction to wireless sensor networks types and.
Robust data collection in wireless sensor networks with. Recent advances in wireless communications and electronic devices has enabled the development of lowcost sensor nodes, and furthermore, a large number of them have enabled the construction of wireless sensor networks wsns to sense events in interesting areas. They are one of the most rapidly developing information technologies, with applications in a wide range of fields including industrial process control, security and surveillance, environmental sensing, and structural health monitoring. Wsns measure environmental conditions like temperature, sound, pollution levels, humidity, wind, and so on. The nodes near to the sink transmit more data than other nodes. Issues in wireless networks and mobile computing, pp. As one of the key technologies of internet of things iots, nowadays wsns have been receiving significant attention. Wireless sensor networks is an essential textbook for advanced students on courses in wireless communications, networking and computer science. Improving energy efficiency in wireless sensor network using mobile sink.
Introduction recently, the advancement of microcontrollers and wireless communication technologies have led to the development of low cost, lowpower and multifunctional sensor nodes known as wireless sensor networks wsn. The second international conference on networks and communications necom 2010, the second international conference on wireless and mobile networks wimon 2010, and the second international conference on web and semantic technology west 2010 were held in chennai, india, during july 2325, 2010. Calculation of an optimum mobile sink path in a wireless sensor. Multihop fuzzy routing for wireless sensor network with. A survey of routing protocols of wireless sensor network. Mwsns are a smaller, emerging field of research in contrast to their wellestablished predecessor. Sensor network, multihop routing, fuzzy logic, mobile sink, multisink 1. They leverage the concept of wireless sensor networks wsns, in which a large possibly huge number of collaborative sensor nodes could be deployed. Use of a mobile sink for maximizing data collection in. Part of the modeling and optimization in science and technologies book series most. It will also be of interest to researchers, system and chip designers, network planners, technical mangers and other professionals in these fields. Distributed mobile sink routing for wireless sensor.
Mobile sink based data gathering and forwarding in wsn. Part of the communications in computer and information science book series. Data dissemination in wireless sensor networks is the main goal and the final waited objective of the sensor network deployment. For wireless sensor networks with up to 256 nodes our model produces sink movement patterns and sojourn times leading to a network lifetime up to almost five times that obtained with a static sink. Distributed mobile sink routing for wireless sensor networks. User query values are processed by the mobile sink nodes. Introduction dhoc and sensor networks may have a large number. Network diagnosis in wireless sensor networks wsns is a difficult task due to their improvisational nature, invisibility of internal running status, and particularly since the network structure can frequently change due to link failure. In sbrdlp, a mobile sink node is taken into account and all the sensor nodes are considered to be aware of the preplanned movements of the mobile sink node. However, due to continuous movements, mobile sink has limited communication time to collect data from sensor nodes, which results in rapid. An energy efficient multiple mobile sinks based routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks. Mobile wireless sensor networks mwsns have emerged and shifted the. In wireless sensor networks, the sensor nodes find the route towards the sink to transmit the data. In wireless sensor networks wsns, all the data collected by the sensor nodes are forwarded to a sink node.
The design of an effective and robust data gathering algorithm is crucial to the overall performance of wireless sensor networks wsn. These are similar to wireless ad hoc networks in the sense that. Intelligent path discovery for a mobile sink in wireless sensor. Wireless sensor networks and applications yingshu li. Predictive qos routing to mobile sinks in wireless sensor.
Sink discovery in locationfree and mobilesink wireless. Wireless sensor networks are being employed in a variety applications ra ing from medical to military, and from home to industry. Wireless sensor nodes are typically lowcost, lowpower, small devices equipped with limited sensing, data processing and wireless communication capabilities, as well as power supplies. The benefits of using mobile sinks or data mules for data collection in wireless sensor network wsn have been studied in several works.
Sink nodes are used in the wireless sensor networks to handle data collection and transmission process. The sensor nodes in wsn are battery driven devices which collect data from the environment and forward this data to the sink for further. Mobile sink transfers the query results to the requested user. While designing the wireless sensor network for sensing and data reporting task limiting the utilization of power resources of the sensors is the important concern in order to extend the lifetime of the wireless sensor network.
Here, the mobility can be applied to the sensor nodes or sinks depending. Abstractwireless sensor networks wsns employ tiny sensor nodes to observe field and send data from the field to a base station. The improved availability of sensor nodes has caused an increase in the number of researchers studying sensor networks. Wireless sensor networks wireless sensor networks ian f. The sensor node transmits the data directly to the sink, or it relays the data through neighbor nodes. Therefore, the placement of the sink node has a great impact on the energy consumption. Analyzing routing protocols for underwater wireless sensor. Data dissemination protocol for mobile sink in wireless. Improving energy efficiency in wireless sensor network using. The use of sink mobility in wireless sensor networks wsn is commonly recognized as one of the most effective means of load balancing, ultimately leading to. In such environment which consists of a large number of low cost devices, sensor nodes generate sensed data of stimulus and forward them to sinks via wireless multihops communication. This paper investigates the energyoriented and lifetimeoriented sink node placement strategies in the singlehop and multiplehop wsns, respectively. Also, they can change their position frequently in a specific sensing area.
It can be viewed as a network with lots of sensors that are autonomously organized and. The concentration of data traffic towards the sink in a wireless sensor network causes the nearby nodes to deplete their batteries quicker than other nodes, which leaves the sink stranded and disrupts the sensor data reporting. In this study, a clusterbased mobile sink exploration cmse scheme is developed to guide data packets efficiently to mobile sinks. Optimal number of clusters in wireless sensor networks. An intelligent method to discover the optimal path for a mobile sink that collects data from sensors in a wireless sensor network is presented. This paper is to explore how to enhance the benefits of mobile sink data collection in the wireless sensor network wsn. In typical wireless sensor network, the sensor nodes are equipped with. Recent work shows that data collection from sensor nodes using mobile sink minimizes multihop data transmission and improves energy efficiency. A mobile wireless sensor network mwsn can simply be defined as a wireless sensor network wsn in which the sensor nodes are mobile.
Mobile sink based fault diagnosis scheme for wireless. Networking wireless sensors by bhaskar krishnamachari. Robust data collection in wireless sensor networks with mobile sinks. In this scheme, a source node can identify the sink location without knowledge of node locations, and multiple routing paths are established from a sensor to the sink to enhance network longevity. As such, sensors may be deployed in harsh environments where it is impossible for battery replacement. The meetings themselves were a response to technological developments in the areas of wireless communications, networking and applications and facilitate researchers, engineers and students to share the latest research results and.
Efficient dataforwarding strategies for wireless sensor networks with a mobile sink which visits rendezvous points rps to gather data from sensor nodes are proposed. Connectivitybased data gathering with pathconstrained mobile sink in wireless sensor networks abdullah i. It has been argued in the literature that a mobile. In the last couple of decades, wireless sensor networks wsns have been used in a variety of applications which include military, agriculture, environment monitoring, home automation, smart transportation etc 1. In proceedings of the 5th international conference on wireless communications and mobile computing iwcmc09. Energyefficient data collection by mobile sink in wireless sensor. Active data dissemination for mobile sink groups in.
Two tier based sensor network architecture is used to handle query processing in sensor networks. Overview we treat the problem of data delivery to a mobile sink in wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we consider a drone with hovering capability as a mobile sink for data collection. Application of mobile sink in wireless sensor networks. Sink mobility models for sensor energy conservation. Energy efficient routing algorithm with mobile sink support.
With the first proposed strategy, selections of the rp nodes and the final routing paths are based on the latest information of the already selected rp nodes. Wireless sensor networks promise an unprecedented finegrained interface between the virtual and physical worlds. However, mobile sink ms based wireless sensor networks wsn. Recently, wireless sensor network wsn has drawn wide attention. Calculation of an optimum mobile sink path in a wireless sensor network. The workingsleeping cycle strategy used for sensor nodes with limited power supply in wireless sensor networks can effectively save their energy, but also causes opportunistic node connections due to the intermittent communication mode, which can affect the reliability of data transmission. Sink node placement strategies for wireless sensor networks. Therefore, the placement of the sink node has a great impact on the energy consumption and lifetime of wsns. Data collection in wireless sensor networks with mobile.
The principle aim of this book is to provide a reference tool for the increasing number of scientists who depend upon sensor networks in some way. Data transmission scheme using mobile sink in static. Data gathering with mobile sinks provided an effective solution to this problem. These networks are used to monitor physical or environmental conditions like sound, pressure, temperature, and cooperatively pass data through the network to the main location as shown in the figure. Energy efficient routing algorithm with mobile sink support for. The second proposed strategy adopts a simpler rp node and routing. To prolong the lifetime of the network, we use the mobile sink approach. Connectivitybased data gathering with pathconstrained. Wireless sensor network wsn refers to a group of spatially dispersed and dedicated sensors for monitoring and recording the physical conditions of the environment and organizing the collected data at a central location. The sensor nodes in wsn are battery driven devices which collect data from the environment and forward this data to the sink for further processing leading to. The entire sensor network is divided into two layers.
Resource management in mobile sink based wireless sensor. Abstract recent work has shown that sink movement along a fixed path and speed control can minimize the energy. They attracted many local and int national delegates, presenting a balanced. However, using traditional routing algorithms for data gathering is energyinefficient for sensor nodes with limited power resources and multihop communication protocols. The nodes which are selected as a mobile sink will quickly consume more battery power and degrade the network lifetime. Sink mobility in wireless sensor networks request pdf. It can be viewed as a network with lots of sensors that are autonomously organized and cooperate with each other to collect, process, and transmit data around targets to some remote administrative center. Wireless communications, networking and applications. The drawbacks of using a static sink are well known.
Pdf mobile wireless sensor networks mwsns have emerged and shifted the focus from the typical static. Multihop communication in wireless sensor network wsn brings new challenges in reliable data transmission. The applications of the mwsns can be widely divided into timedriven, eventdriven, ondemand and. Wireless sensor networks, data collection algorithm, received signal strength rss and mobile sink. Mwsns are much more versatile than static sensor networks as they can be deployed in any scenario and cope with rapid topology changes. Rendezvous points and routing pathselection strategies. Energy efficient routing algorithm with mobile sink.